The Skoltech Project Centre for Energy Transition and ESG presents a comprehensive study on the competitiveness of various electricity generation systems, including nuclear energy, fossil fuels, and renewable energy sources. The analysis consolidates the results of a comprehensive evaluation of energy sources based on several key competitiveness factors, such as greenhouse gas emissions over the lifecycle, safety, service life, levelized cost of electricity, system costs, peak load supply cost, resource intensity, land use, as well as material intensity and critical raw material demand. Furthermore, special attention is given to identifying the most promising innovative technologies and the opportunities they offer for overcoming development barriers and enhancing the competitiveness of various energy sources in the long term.